diff --git a/src/service/mod.rs b/src/service/mod.rs
index 46adb072..21d1f594 100644
--- a/src/service/mod.rs
+++ b/src/service/mod.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
 pub(crate) use conduit::{config, debug_error, debug_warn, utils, Error, Result, Server};
 pub use conduit::{pdu, PduBuilder, PduCount, PduEvent};
 use database::Database;
-pub(crate) use service::{Args, Service};
+pub(crate) use service::{Args, Dep, Service};
 
 pub use crate::{
 	globals::{server_is_ours, user_is_local},
diff --git a/src/service/service.rs b/src/service/service.rs
index 863b955b..ce4f15b2 100644
--- a/src/service/service.rs
+++ b/src/service/service.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
-use std::{any::Any, collections::BTreeMap, fmt::Write, sync::Arc};
+use std::{
+	any::Any,
+	collections::BTreeMap,
+	fmt::Write,
+	ops::Deref,
+	sync::{Arc, OnceLock},
+};
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use conduit::{err, error::inspect_log, utils::string::split_once_infallible, Err, Result, Server};
 use database::Database;
 
+/// Abstract interface for a Service
 #[async_trait]
 pub(crate) trait Service: Any + Send + Sync {
 	/// Implement the construction of the service instance. Services are
@@ -34,27 +41,51 @@ pub(crate) trait Service: Any + Send + Sync {
 	fn name(&self) -> &str;
 }
 
+/// Args are passed to `Service::build` when a service is constructed. This
+/// allows for arguments to change with limited impact to the many services.
 pub(crate) struct Args<'a> {
 	pub(crate) server: &'a Arc<Server>,
 	pub(crate) db: &'a Arc<Database>,
-	pub(crate) service: &'a Map,
+	pub(crate) service: &'a Arc<Map>,
+}
+
+/// Dep is a reference to a service used within another service.
+/// Circular-dependencies between services require this indirection to allow the
+/// referenced service construction after the referencing service.
+pub(crate) struct Dep<T> {
+	dep: OnceLock<Arc<T>>,
+	service: Arc<Map>,
+	name: &'static str,
 }
 
 pub(crate) type Map = BTreeMap<String, MapVal>;
 pub(crate) type MapVal = (Arc<dyn Service>, Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync>);
 
-impl Args<'_> {
-	pub(crate) fn require_service<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&self, name: &str) -> Arc<T> {
-		self.try_get_service::<T>(name)
-			.inspect_err(inspect_log)
-			.expect("Failure to reference service required by another service.")
-	}
+impl<T: Any + Send + Sync> Deref for Dep<T> {
+	type Target = Arc<T>;
 
-	pub(crate) fn try_get_service<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&self, name: &str) -> Result<Arc<T>> {
-		try_get::<T>(self.service, name)
+	fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+		self.dep
+			.get_or_init(|| require::<T>(&self.service, self.name))
 	}
 }
 
+impl Args<'_> {
+	pub(crate) fn depend_service<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&self, name: &'static str) -> Dep<T> {
+		Dep::<T> {
+			dep: OnceLock::new(),
+			service: self.service.clone(),
+			name,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn require<T: Any + Send + Sync>(map: &Map, name: &str) -> Arc<T> {
+	try_get::<T>(map, name)
+		.inspect_err(inspect_log)
+		.expect("Failure to reference service required by another service.")
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn try_get<T: Any + Send + Sync>(map: &Map, name: &str) -> Result<Arc<T>> {
 	map.get(name).map_or_else(
 		|| Err!("Service {name:?} does not exist or has not been built yet."),
diff --git a/src/service/services.rs b/src/service/services.rs
index 136059cd..68205323 100644
--- a/src/service/services.rs
+++ b/src/service/services.rs
@@ -31,24 +31,36 @@ pub struct Services {
 	pub updates: Arc<updates::Service>,
 
 	manager: Mutex<Option<Arc<Manager>>>,
-	pub(crate) service: Map,
+	pub(crate) service: Arc<Map>,
 	pub server: Arc<Server>,
 	pub db: Arc<Database>,
 }
 
+macro_rules! build_service {
+	($map:ident, $server:ident, $db:ident, $tyname:ty) => {{
+		let built = <$tyname>::build(Args {
+			server: &$server,
+			db: &$db,
+			service: &$map,
+		})?;
+
+		Arc::get_mut(&mut $map)
+			.expect("must have mutable reference to services collection")
+			.insert(built.name().to_owned(), (built.clone(), built.clone()));
+
+		trace!("built service #{}: {:?}", $map.len(), built.name());
+		built
+	}};
+}
+
 impl Services {
+	#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
 	pub fn build(server: Arc<Server>, db: Arc<Database>) -> Result<Self> {
-		let mut service: Map = BTreeMap::new();
+		let mut service: Arc<Map> = Arc::new(BTreeMap::new());
 		macro_rules! build {
-			($tyname:ty) => {{
-				let built = <$tyname>::build(Args {
-					server: &server,
-					db: &db,
-					service: &service,
-				})?;
-				service.insert(built.name().to_owned(), (built.clone(), built.clone()));
-				built
-			}};
+			($srv:ty) => {
+				build_service!(service, server, db, $srv)
+			};
 		}
 
 		Ok(Self {
@@ -167,7 +179,7 @@ impl Services {
 	fn interrupt(&self) {
 		debug!("Interrupting services...");
 
-		for (name, (service, ..)) in &self.service {
+		for (name, (service, ..)) in self.service.iter() {
 			trace!("Interrupting {name}");
 			service.interrupt();
 		}